How a Woman’s Menstrual Cycle Influences Her Blood Sugar Levels

Marked by four distinct phases, the menstrual cycle—in addition to causing fluctuations in hormones—also impacts blood sugar levels.

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One of the lesser-known effects of the menstrual cycle is its impact on blood sugar levels. A study published in Nature in August of 2023 found that fluctuations in hormone levels during the menstrual cycle can also impact blood sugar levels, potentially leading to complications for women with diabetes or any blood sugar regulation issues. These changes can affect her overall health and well-being and lead to a range of symptoms and health concerns.

Exploring the link between the menstrual cycle and blood sugar may benefit women of all ages—from puberty to post-menopause—and also emphasize the importance of self-care during this time. By understanding this intricate connection, women can take better control of their health, manage their blood sugar, and support their overall metabolic wellness.

Study Takeaways

To collect data for the study, the 49 participants wore continuous glucose meters (CGMs) to measure their menstrual hormones daily and self-reported the characteristics of their cycles to determine their phase. Higher levels of glucose were seen in the luteal phase (after ovulation) and lower levels in the late follicular phase (just prior to ovulation). Blood sugar tended to drop significantly with the onset of menstruation.