According to Dr. Ryan Cole, messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines produce persisting spike protein that may cause severe damage to the recipient’s health, such as unusual clotting, heart inflammation, or cancer.
Pfizer and Moderna COVID-19 vaccines are the only mRNA vaccines approved or authorized for booster use in the United States. Johnson & Johnson COVID-19 vaccines use a viral vector, a modified version of a virus, to give cells instructions.
