The COVID-19 pandemic has undoubtedly affected us. It has increased our worries and concerns about physical health. COVID-19 has added to the existing challenges parents face and has also created greater awareness surrounding the fragility of mental health.
Our research group believes that when parents are aware of their own emotional self-regulation, and when they can find space to structure meaningful family activities that promote mutual bonding, both they and their children are in a better position to learn core coping skills that will benefit individuals and family relationships.
Impact of the Pandemic on Family Life
A recent report by the Australian Human Rights Commission investigated COVID-19-related concerns experienced by children aged five and older and emerging adults from January to April 2020. The report suggested that “mental health concerns resulting from COVID-19” and “impacts on family life” were among the top five concerns endorsed by youth.
Similarly, a July 2020 Statistics Canada report revealed 3 out of 4 parents experienced concerns and worries about balancing child care, their child’s schooling, and their own professional work irrespective of the child’s age. More than half of parents surveyed reported greater difficulty managing their child’s emotions as well as their own.
In the United States, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reported that hospitals across the United States saw a 24 percent increase in the proportion of mental health emergency visits for children ages 5 to 11, from April to October 2020, and a 31 percent increase for children ages 12 to 17.
The arising parenting challenges surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic may represent an opportune time for us to improve our resilience and model more adaptive strategies and skills. In turn, such skills can promote the development of resilient behaviors in our children.
Not everyone reacts in the same way to a given situation. The ability to manage strong negative emotions and shift our mindset to a more adaptive perspective can be developed at any age. Since our brain is most adept at performing a new task early in life, it’s most beneficial for people to become socialized in these fundamental life skills early. This will help children to become self-regulated, adaptive, and thriving adults.
Parents can encourage children to see pandemic changes as an opportunity as opposed to a source of anxiety. (Tina Montreuil), Author provided
Parental Emotions
Findings from our research group’s recent study, conducted with mothers, suggest that parents’ abilities to regulate their own emotions predicted how frequently and effectively they rely on supportive parenting practices. Supportive practices are things such as comforting children when they experience negative emotions; engaging in problem-solving strategies aimed to reduce children’s distress, and discussing children’s emotional experiences with them. As such, these results suggest that supportive parenting is associated with children who are better at managing difficult emotions.
Parents may have heard the airplane safety tip to always don one’s own oxygen mask before helping a child: the same applies to emotional regulation. As parents, when we prioritize managing our own stress, tolerating greater uncertainty, and engaging in self-care activities such as exercise, good sleep hygiene, and relaxation, this expands our capacity to respond calmly. This teaches our children that they too can cope and manage stress and related threats.
Supportive parenting is best achieved when a connected, caring, and responsive relationship with children is fostered early on. Supportive parenting that builds resilience is comparable to an early investment that grows with time. It is key to create as many early positive and reinforcing experiences as possible.
Failure: An Opportunity for Growth
Parenting is difficult and striving for perfection is unrealistic and unattainable. We can instead choose to model that mistakes and failures can be a renewed opportunity for growth. Raising resilient children means that we value teaching them self-compassion, gratitude, delayed gratification, and self-worth to leverage life experiences that facilitate the development of their sense of purpose.
It is as critical for parents to value teaching children these core social-emotional skills, just as much as we might encourage them to become expert swimmers or gifted mathematicians.
When supportive parenting and strong family relationships consistently provide opportunities to strengthen coping skills and the ability to regulate emotions, these are also opportunities for children to become skilled at accepting hardship and remaining committed toward achievement. Supportive parental practices contribute to children’s long-term healthy emotional and psychological development.
Parents can help their children develop these key social-emotional abilities in a variety of ways.
As a first step, parents should evaluate whether their own emotional and psychological needs are met and do their best to find, advocate for, or create structures or supports to meet these. In return, they may gain the capacity to model these adaptive behaviors.
Parents can learn more about core coping skills like emotional regulation. This includes the ability to pay attention to and accept (not judge) our emotions, to label and differentiate emotions. It also means understanding varying levels of emotional intensity, learning how to tolerate and be open to the experience of distressing emotions, and controlling our emotions by changing how we think about the situation at hand. Mindfulness and problem solving can also be easily taught through interactive read-along activities and lessons.
Regardless of a family’s structure, parents can improve family relationships and connectedness. They can do this by dedicating common time for the family members to congregate and bond with one another through activities like mealtime, game or movie night, and outdoor or sports activities.
Parents can work on identifying mutual family values through activities like developing a values coat of arms. Identifying mutual values can be useful when seeking to carve out time spent together based on identified commonalities and shared interests.
Adversity creates accidental opportunities to build skills to endure ongoing or future hardship. This is the essence of resilience: accepting that a door has closed behind us, and being optimistic about what awaits. By being more emotionally and mentally grounded as parents, parents can lead collectively stronger families. Let’s stay strong together!
Tina Montreuil is an assistant professor at the department of educational and counseling psychology, an associate member at the department of psychiatry, and director of childhood anxiety and regulations of emotions research group at McGill University in Canada. This article was first published on The Conversation.
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