Federal Judges Reject Alabama’s Bid to Use Newly Proposed Congressional Map in Upcoming Elections

Voters exit after casting their ballots at a polling station setup in the fire department in a file photo. Joe Raedle/Getty Images

A federal court on Monday rejected Alabama’s bid to use a newly proposed Congressional district map in upcoming elections over concerns it provides fewer opportunities for racial minorities to elect representatives of their choice.

In a 225-page ruling (pdf) on Monday, the three-judge panel said that the state should have two districts, instead of one, in which black voters make up a sizeable portion of the electorate.

The Alabama Legislature last year approved congressional district lines that maintain one majority-black district.

Monday’s ruling was in response to a lawsuit filed in November last year on behalf of Greater Birmingham Ministries, Alabama State Conference of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), and black registered voters in Alabama’s First, Second, and Seventh Congressional Districts.

Judges said the newly proposed Congressional district map, put forward by Alabama’s seven-member congressional delegation, likely violates Section 2 of the Voting Rights Act which prohibits voting practices that discriminate on the basis of race and color, among other things.

The state’s seven-member congressional delegation is made up of six Republicans and one Democrat.

The map put forward by the state has one single majority-black district, District 7, which includes “part of Birmingham and some of the Black Belt in Alabama,” according to the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) of Alabama.

“While Black people are about 27 percent of Alabama’s population, they are represented in only one of seven (14 percent) congressional districts,” ACLU said.

“Black voters have less opportunity than other Alabamians to elect candidates of their choice to Congress,” the judges wrote in their ruling, adding that the plaintiffs will “suffer an irreparable harm if they must vote in the 2022 congressional elections based on a redistricting plan that violates federal law.”

Judges said that the plaintiffs are “substantially likely to prevail on their claim under the Voting Rights Act,” and because of this, the “appropriate remedy is a congressional redistricting plan that includes either an additional majority-Black congressional district or an additional district in which Black voters otherwise have an opportunity to elect a representative of their choice.”