PARIS/ROME—France recalled its ambassador to Italy on Feb. 7, a remarkable diplomatic split between neighbors and European Union allies, after what it described as “repeated, baseless” attacks by Italian political leaders against France.
The rupture, the first withdrawal of a French envoy to Rome since World War Two, was announced by the foreign ministry.
Diplomats said Paris acted after a series of insults from Italy, capped by Deputy Prime Minister Luigi di Maio’s decision to meet with members of France’s “yellow vest” movement, which has mounted a months-long and sometimes violent campaign against French President Emmanuel Macron.
“France has been, for several months, the target of repeated, baseless attacks and outrageous statements,” the foreign ministry said in a statement. “Having disagreements is one thing, but manipulating the relationship for electoral aims is another.”
Di Maio, head of the anti-establishment 5-Star movement, which is in a governing coalition with the League, defended his meeting with the “yellow vests,” and drew a distinction between Macron and the French people.
“The French people are our friends and our ally,” he said. “President Macron has repeatedly lashed out against the Italian government for political reasons in view of the European elections,” he said, referring to a European Parliament vote in May that is expected to see a surge among populist parties.
“My meeting as the political leader of the 5-Star movement with members of the ‘yellow vests’... was fully legitimate. I claim the right to talk with other political forces that represent the French people.”
Macron offered no immediate response to Di Maio.
He has spent much of the past month touring France in a “great debate” with citizens to try to lift his own approval ratings and regain the initiative in the face of the protests. While Thursday’s diplomatic action was going on, he was attending one such town hall meeting in the small eastern town of Etang-sur-Arroux.
France’s Europe minister, Nathalie Loiseau, said the decision to recall the ambassador was rare but necessary.
“There was behavior by a member of the Italian government that we consider unusual, unfriendly, and that follows a number of official Italian statements that we find hard to understand in terms of how they help Franco-Italian relations,” she told France Info.
Basta Italia!
Ties between the two traditionally close allies have grown increasingly tense since mid-2018, with Di Maio and his fellow deputy prime minister, Matteo Salvini of the League party, firing pot-shots at Macron and France, mostly over migration policy.
Macron has at times responded, criticizing Italy last June for its refusal to accept a boatload of migrants rescued in the Mediterranean, and taking aim at Rome’s public finances.
But in recent weeks the exchanges have grown sharper and more personal. Di Maio accused France last month of fueling poverty in Africa, suggesting it was a neo-colonial power.
Salvini accused France of exploiting the unrest in Libya to benefit oil company Total, which competes with Italy’s ENI in the development of regional energy assets.
During a visit to Egypt last month, Macron sought to shrug off the sparring, calling Salvini and Di Maio’s comments “insignificant” and adding that he dealt only with Prime Minister Giuseppe Conte.
Conte, a political unknown who became prime minister last year as a compromise between Salvini and Di Maio, was caught on video at last month’s World Economic Forum in Davos discussing the dispute with German Chancellor Angela Merkel.
Italian TV channel La 7 broadcast footage showing the two leaders talking at a bar, with Conte telling Merkel that Di Maio was attacking France because he was down in the polls ahead of the European elections and needed an enemy.
Time To ‘Turn the Page’?
Salvini sought to calm the tone on Feb. 7, saying he did not want to argue with France and was happy to meet Macron. As president, Macron would normally meet with other heads of state or government, not deputies.“We are ready and willing, with a constructive spirit, to turn the page for the good of our people,” Salvini said.
But he added that France should address three issues: Its policy of returning migrants to Italy, occasional border checks at the frontier, and the case of some 15 Italian leftists who have had refuge in France for decades.
While rare, the French action is not unprecedented among EU members. In 2016, Greece recalled its ambassador to Austria, and, in 2017, Hungary withdrew its envoy to the Netherlands.
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