In this tech era, most nations are talking about how “tech” they are. By definition, tech is something that enhances goods production or services provision by lowering costs, shortening time, or increasing scale (or a combination of these). It follows that with given (same) factor inputs, including capital, labor, and resources, output delivered within a certain period will rise. (Think carefully. We see this incorporates all three ingredients just mentioned). This is why tech growth is the residual of GDP growth unexplained by factor (capital and labor) growth.

Traders work on the floor at the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) in New York City on Jan. 9, 2024. Brendan McDermid/Reuters
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