Certain mold toxins found in food are known to increase cancer risk. Aflatoxin, classified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer as a definite human carcinogen, is strongly linked to liver cancer. Research shows that it promotes cancer by damaging DNA, triggering oxidative stress, disrupting cell regulation, and weakening immune defenses.44:T6cc,Large population studies also suggest that long-term dietary exposure to other mycotoxins, such as vomitoxin, may further increase liver cancer risk.

People Most Vulnerable to Mold Exposure

Different populations have varying levels of tolerance to mycotoxins. Yen noted that the following groups face higher health risks from long-term mold exposure:

People With Compromised Immunity: People with chronic illnesses or cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy have weaker immune defenses, making them more susceptible to worsening symptoms or liver and kidney damage caused by mycotoxins.
People With Asthma: Inhaling mold spores can trigger allergic reactions and may provoke asthma attacks.
Infants, Children, and Older People: Infants’ and children’s immune systems are not yet fully developed, and older adults experience a decline in immune function, making all three groups more vulnerable to the effects of mycotoxins.

How to Reduce Exposure to Mold

Although mold cannot be completely avoided, daily diet and home management practices can effectively lower exposure risks.

1. Be Cautious of Mold in Food

Yen advised that if any part of a food item shows mold, the entire item should be discarded, not just the visibly affected portion, because mold filaments often

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