Gerry Bowler: The Farcical Pembina Raid of 1871

W.B. O'Donoghue (seated 2-R) and Louis Riel (seated 3-R) along with Mr. Riel's councillors circa 1869–1870. CP Photo

Commentary

Since 1866, Irish nationalists in the United States had been launching cross-border attacks into Canada hoping that military success in that British territory would lead, somehow, to an end to the occupation of Ireland.