BRUSSELS—NATO will investigate an incident between Turkish warships and a French naval vessel in the Mediterranean, as France accused Turkey of repeated violations of the U.N. arms embargo on conflict-torn Libya and branded Ankara an obstacle to securing a cease-fire there.
According to a French defense official, the frigate Courbet was “lit up” three times by Turkish naval targeting radar when it tried to approach a Turkish civilian ship suspected of involvement in arms trafficking. The ship was being escorted by three Turkish warships. The Courbet backed off after being targeted.
The French frigate was part of NATO’s naval operation in the Mediterranean, Sea Guardian, at the time of the June 10 incident. France claims that under the military alliance’s rules of engagement such conduct is considered a hostile act.
Turkey has denied harassing the Courbet.
“We have made sure that NATO military authorities are investigating the incident to bring full clarity into what happened,” Secretary-General Jens Stoltenberg told reporters June 18 after chairing a video meeting between the alliance’s defense ministers, where he said the issue was addressed by several participants.
“I think that’s the best way now to deal with that, clarify what actually happened,” he added.
In remarks to a French Senate committee, Defense Minister Florence Parly said that eight NATO member countries are supporting Paris over the incident, which she described as “serious and unacceptable.”
In a statement prior to the NATO meeting, the French foreign ministry took aim at Ankara, saying that “the main obstacle to the establishment of peace and stability in Libya today lies in the systematic violation of the U.N. arms embargo, in particular by Turkey, despite the commitments made in Berlin” talks early this year.
The European Union has a naval operation in the Mediterranean aimed at helping to enforce the embargo, but Turkey, a NATO member whose efforts to join the EU have stalled, suspects that it is too one-sided, focusing on the internationally recognized Libyan administration in Tripoli, which Turkey supports.
Asked whether the 30 members of the military alliance should respect the arms embargo, Stoltenberg said that “NATO, of course, supports the implementation of U.N. decisions, including U.N. arms embargoes.”
Libya has been in turmoil since 2011 when a NATO-backed uprising toppled leader Moammar Gadhafi, who was later killed. The country has since been split between rival administrations in the east and the west, each backed by armed groups and different foreign governments.
The government in Tripoli led by Fayez Sarraj is backed not just by Turkey, which sent troops and mercenaries to protect the capital in January, but also Italy and Qatar. Rival forces under the command of Khalifa Hifter, who launched an offensive on Tripoli last year, are supported by France, Russia, Jordan, the United Arab Emirates, and other key Arab countries.
“Turkey’s support for the government of national accord’s offensive goes directly against the efforts to secure a ceasefire, which we support,” the French ministry said. “This support is aggravated by the hostile and unacceptable actions of Turkish naval forces toward NATO allies, which is aimed at undermining efforts taking place to uphold the U.N. arms embargo.”
“This conduct, like all foreign interference in the Libyan conflict, must cease,” it warned.
EU foreign policy chief Josep Borrell is trying to secure NATO’s support for Europe’s own naval effort, Operation Irini, possibly in part to avoid such incidents in the future; diplomats and officials have said that Turkey is likely to block any such move.
Borrell, who took part in the NATO video meeting, said June 17 that he hopes an EU-NATO “cooperation agreement can be set up” shortly because helping to enforce the arms embargo is in the security interests of both organizations.
Asked what the response might be, Stoltenberg said “we are looking into possible support, possible cooperation, but no decision has been taken. There is dialogue, contacts, addressing that as we speak.”
Borrell has highlighted some of the challenges the EU naval operation faces. He said its personnel tried to make contact last week with a “suspicious” Tanzanian-flagged cargo ship that was being escorted by two Turkish warships. He said the ship refused to respond, but its Turkish escorts said the cargo was medical equipment bound for Libya.
The EU operation tried to verify the information with Turkish and Tanzanian authorities, and reported the incident to the United Nations, but there was nothing more it could do, he said.
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