India is set to install ground stations for satellite communications in five neighboring countries, a diplomatic move designed to counter China’s influence in the region, according to Indian media.
India has earmarked an estimated 50 million rupees (about $719,000) for the construction of the station and terminals in each country, to be supplemented by additional payments from the host governments.
China’s threat to India is also on the United States’ radar, as the Trump administration has recently renewed the United States’ role in the Indo-Pacific region.
The station in Bhutan, in the country’s capital Thimphu, will be ready for commissioning Jan. 9 and is expected to be in operation as early as Jan. 15, according to The Times of India, which cited anonymous sources.
India alone paid for the construction of the satellite at $63 million, after Pakistan, also a member of SAARC, opted not to provide monetary and technical support.
The satellite is part of Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s “neighborhood-first” foreign policy—a way for India to strengthen diplomatic ties with its neighbors in South Asia. The satellite provides services such as communications, tele-education, banking, and television broadcasting, with India providing technical assistance and other know-how to the countries involved.
“The station in Thimphu is seen as India’s counter to the satellite tracking infrastructure created by China in Tibet,” according to The Times of India. The Tibetan region of southwest China shares a 3,380-kilometer (2,100 mile) border with India.
A separate article by The Times of India noted that China’s Tibetan facilities gave it the ability to track India’s satellites and other space assets.
Construction of the space monitoring stations and terminals are being carried out by Indian company Alpha Design Technologies, which specializes in the integration and installation of defense electronics, avionics, and space-satellite systems. It is working in conjunction with ISRO.
“We will even send out our people to help the countries utilize our satellite service. We hosted representatives from all these countries on December 12 in New Delhi to chart out future plans,” said ISRO Chairman Kailasavadivoo Sivan, according to The Times of India.
China’s Space Military Weapons
China has invested heavily in Ngari, a prefecture in Tibet that is several thousand meters above sea level. Ngari is located about 120 kilometers (75 miles) from the Sino-India Line of Actual Control, which separates Indian and Chinese-controlled territory in an area of the Himalayas.In November 2018, China’s state-run news agency Xinhua reported the opening of a space observatory at Ngari. Located 5,100 meters above sea level, it has eight telescopes.
China’s projects in Ngari have been in part driven by China’s ambitions to develop cutting-edge science and technology, including quantum computing and space, both of which were highlighted in Beijing’s 13th Five-Year Plan (2016–2020) economic objectives.
Carter said that Chinese military thinkers believe in a simple phrase about the U.S. military: “No satellites, no fight,” reflecting the opinion that the U.S. military’s Achilles heel is its reliance on satellite coverage.
He noted that the Chinese army has tested a range of anti-satellite weapons, including conventional ground-based kinetic kill vehicles. The Chinese have also developed ways to disable satellites.
Indo-Pacific
Beijing has been building up its influence in the Indo-Pacific region through its One Belt, One Road initiative (OBOR, also known as Belt and Road), unveiled in 2013, as it seeks to establish trade routes connecting China with Southeast Asia, Africa, Europe, and Latin America.The Trump administration has recently stepped up its role in Asia, as well as the Indo-Pacific, after U.S. President Donald Trump signed into law the Asia Reassurance Initiative Act on Dec. 31, 2018.
It concluded: “With no letup in Chinese hostility, the hesitation in India on balancing China is entirely unwarranted and should be jettisoned.”