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New VW ID Buzz vehicles, fully electric-driven microbus cars from Volkswagen Commercial Vehicles, parked before delivery at VW's commercial vehicle plant in Hanover, Germany. Ronny Hartmann/AFP via Getty Images
The Volkswagen group has joined Ford and other legacy vehicle manufacturers to introduce low-end budget electric vehicle (EV) models to compete head to head with low-priced zero-emission vehicles (ZEVs) from China that have flooded the European vehicle market.
Panos Mourdoukoutas is a professor of economics at Long Island University in New York City. He also teaches security analysis at Columbia University. He’s been published in professional journals and magazines, including Forbes, Investopedia, Barron's, IBT, and Journal of Financial Research. He’s also the author of many books, including “Business Strategy in a Semiglobal Economy” and “China's Challenge.”