Apple shook off challenges in Europe and China to post record sales for the fourth quarter ending September 2024.

An Apple logo hangs at an Apple store in Palo Alto, Calif., on Feb. 2, 2024. Noah Berger/AP Photo
Panos Mourdoukoutas is a professor of economics at Long Island University in New York City. He also teaches security analysis at Columbia University. He’s been published in professional journals and magazines, including Forbes, Investopedia, Barron's, IBT, and Journal of Financial Research. He’s also the author of many books, including “Business Strategy in a Semiglobal Economy” and “China's Challenge.”
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