It has been known for over 80 years that following a head injury there is dysfunction in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. According to the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), 80–85 percent of traumatic brain injury (TBI) sufferers are classified as mild traumatic brain injuries (MTBI). Approximately 80–85 percent of MTBI patients recover from their injuries, while approximately 15–20 percent continue to experience persistent symptoms. Fifty percent of those TBI patients end up with some type of hormonal imbalance in the HPA axis. This brain injury-related condition is commonly referred to as neuroendocrine dysfunction (NED).
Veterans
Opinion
Understanding Veteran TBI: Hormone Imbalances Following Traumatic Brain Injury

A self portrait of Jonathan David Chandler. One half of the image shows him in his military uniform and was taken while receiving treatment for TBI suffered while serving in Afghanistan. The second half is an MRI scan. DoD photo by Petty Officer 2nd Class Jonathan David Chandler
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