KABUL, Afghanistan—The United States began withdrawing troops from Afghanistan, the U.S. military said March 10, taking a step forward on its peace deal with the Taliban while also praising Afghan President Ashraf Ghani’s promise to start releasing Taliban prisoners after he had delayed for over a week.
The U.S.–Taliban deal signed Feb. 29 was touted as Washington’s effort to end 18 years of war in Afghanistan. The next crucial step was to be intra-Afghan talks in which all factions including the Taliban would negotiate a road map for their country’s future.
But Ghani and his main political rival, Abdullah Abdullah, were each sworn in as president in separate ceremonies March 9. Abdallah and the elections complaints commission had charged fraud in last year’s vote. The dueling inaugurations have thrown plans for talks with the Taliban into chaos, although Ghani said March 10 that he'd start putting together a negotiating team.
The disarray on the Afghan government side is indicative of the uphill task facing Washington’s peace envoy Zalmay Khalilzad as he tries to get Afghanistan’s bickering leadership to come together. In an early March 10 tweet, Khalilzad said he hoped the two leaders can “come to an agreement on an inclusive and broadly accepted government. We will continue to assist.”
U.S. military spokesman in Afghanistan Sonny Leggett said in a statement March 10 that the military had begun its “conditions-based reduction of forces to 8,600 over 135 days.”
Currently, the U.S. has about 13,000 soldiers in Afghanistan—8,000 of whom are involved in training and advising Afghanistan’s National Security Forces, while about 5,000 are involved in anti-terror operations and militarily supporting the Afghan army when they are requested.
Ghani had been dragging his feet on releasing some 5,000 Taliban prisoners, something agreed to in the U.S.–Taliban deal. Ghani promised March 9 to announce a decree to free the prisoners after the U.S. and a number of foreign dignitaries appeared to back his claim to the presidency by sending their representatives to his inauguration.
U.S. Secretary of State Mike Pompeo released a statement March 9 saying, “We also welcome President Ghani’s announcement that he will issue a decree March 10 on Taliban prisoner release.”
Taliban officials said late March 9 that a flurry of biometric identifications were being conducted on Taliban prisoners, hinting at a mass release, according to prisoners currently in lockup. The Taliban officials spoke on condition of anonymity because they weren’t authorized to talk to the media.
Sohail Shaheen, the Taliban’s spokesman in Doha where the insurgent group maintains an office, wrote on Twitter March 10 that the names of the 5,000 prisoners are with an “American delegation and the list cannot be manipulated,” without elaborating.
In his tweet, Shaheen said any prisoners handed over will be verified before being accepted. The Associated Press contacted a Taliban prisoner in Afghanistan’s Pul-e-Charkhi Jail on the outskirts of Kabul who said four Taliban had been released March 9 and another three on March 10. The seven had completed their sentence, said Maulvi Niaz Mohammad in a telephone interview.
They were not part of the 5,000 on the Taliban prisoner list, he said. Mohammad, who had also been interviewed by The AP in the prison in December, is in telephone contact with the Taliban’s Prisoners Commission, which is headed by Maulvi Nooruddin Turani, a former Taliban justice minister and a violent enforcer of the Taliban’s strict code of conduct.
Meanwhile, Pompeo said he “strongly opposed” the establishment of a parallel government in Kabul, despite early signs of one emerging. Abdullah had quickly sent his vice presidents to occupy the official offices March 9, ahead of Ghani’s plan to send his vice presidents to their offices March 10.
Pompeo warned against “any use of force to resolve political differences.” Both candidates—but particularly Abdullah—are backed by warlords with heavily armed militias, underscoring fears they could use force to back their candidate.
The U.S. has said its partial troop withdrawal over an 18-month period provided for in the deal will be linked to the Taliban keeping their promises to help fight terror in Afghanistan, but not to the success of talks between the Taliban and the Afghan government.
Over the weekend, Taliban spokesman Zabihullah Mujahed said the insurgent group was committed to its agreement with the U.S. and called on Washington to do its part to make sure its prisoners were freed.
ISIS claimed responsibility for a rocket attack that took place during Ghani’s inauguration ceremony. ISIS also claimed a brutal attack last week on a gathering of minority Shiites that killed 32 and injured scores more. The U.S. in reaching its deal with the Taliban said it expected the Taliban, which has been battling Afghanistan’s ISIS affiliate, to further aid in the effort to defeat ISIS.
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